Table-rapping in spiritualism, supposedly an effect of supernatural powers, is from 1853. Espressione con cui era designata in origine la tavoletta cerata usata dai Romani per la scrittura, quando ne era stato raso ogni segno ed era quindi completamente cancellata e pronta perché vi si potesse scrivere di nuovo. Table tennis "ping-pong" is recorded from 1887. The adjectival phrase under-the-table "hidden from view" is recorded from 1949 to be under the table "passed out from excess drinking" is recorded from 1913. Table talk "familiar conversation around a table" is attested from 1560s, translating Latin colloquia mensalis. (as in table of contents, mid-15c.).įigurative phrase turn the tables (1630s) is from backgammon (in Old and Middle English the game was called tables). The meaning "arrangement of numbers or other figures on a tabular surface for convenience" is recorded from late 14c. Especially the table at which people eat, hence "food placed upon a table" (c. 1300 (the usual Latin word for this was mensa (see mensa) Old English writers used bord (see board (n.1)). The sense of "piece of furniture with the flat top and legs" first recorded c. Both the French and Germanic words are from Latin tabula "a board, plank writing table list, schedule picture, painted panel," originally "small flat slab or piece" usually for inscriptions or for games (source also of Spanish tabla, Italian tavola), of uncertain origin, related to Umbrian tafle "on the board." After accepting junior positions in the army for 15 years, a man would have completed his theoretical and practical education by the age of 50.Late 12c., "board, slab, plate," from Old French table "board, square panel, plank writing table picture food, fare" (11c.), and late Old English tabele "writing tablet, gaming table," from Germanic *tabal (source also of Dutch tafel, Danish tavle, Old High German zabel "board, plank," German Tafel). At the age of 30 there would be another selection those who qualified would study dialectics and metaphysics, logic and philosophy for the next five years. It would be for those who had a flair for science. The first course in the scheme of higher education would last for ten years. The best students would take an advanced course in mathematics, geometry, astronomy and harmonics. Elementary education consisted of music and gymnastics, designed to train and blend gentle and fierce qualities in the individual and create a harmonious person. Both boys and girls receive the same kind of education. While elementary education made the soul responsive to the environment, higher education helped the soul to search for truth which illuminated it. Plato's writings contain some of the following ideas: Elementary education would be confined to the guardian class till the age of 18, followed by two years of compulsory military training and then by higher education for those who qualified. What this established was essentially a system of selective public education premised on the assumption that an educated minority of the population were, by virtue of their education (and inborn educability), sufficient for healthy governance. He built on this by insisting that those suitably gifted were to be trained by the state so that they might be qualified to assume the role of a ruling class. Plato believed that talent was distributed non-genetically and thus must be found in children born in any social class. Education would be holistic, including facts, skills, physical discipline, and music and art, which he considered the highest form of endeavor. He advocated removing children from their mothers' care and raising them as wards of the state, with great care being taken to differentiate children suitable to the various castes, the highest receiving the most education, so that they could act as guardians of the city and care for the less able. Date: 424/423 BC – 348/347 BC Plato's educational philosophy was grounded in his vision of the ideal Republic, wherein the individual was best served by being subordinated to a just society.
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